Assessing the Efficacy of Clomiphene Citrate in Patients With Azoospermia and Hypoandrogenism

• Status: Withdrawn
• Trial end date: 2020-10-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: Male

Summary

Hypothesis: Prescribed clomiphene citrate to azoospermic patients with hypoandrogenism could improve the sperm retrieval in either fresh sperm or after surgical sperm extraction.

• Phase: N/A
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: University of Illinois at Chicago
• Treatments: Citric Acid; Clomiphene; Enclomiphene; Zuclomiphene

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients over 18 years old.

• Man seeking fertility treatment.

• Azoospermia confirmed in at least 2 semen analyses with centrifugation.

• Testosterone <300 ng/dL and Bioavailable Testosterone<156 ng/dL.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Presence of genetic disorders: Y chromosome deletions or abnormal karyotypes.

• Luteinizing hormone (LH) >25 IU/mL.

• Estradiol > 40 ng/dL.

• Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (LH <2 IU/mL and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) <1 IU/mL).

• Obstructive azoospermia (FSH <7.6 IU/mL plus testicle longitudinally axis >4.6 cm or bilateral absence of vas deferens or surgical history of vasectomy).

• Clinical varicocele (palpable or visible in physical exam)

• Previous history of cryptorchidism.

• Use of chemotherapy, testosterone, or anti-androgen in the last two years. Partner >40 years or female factor infertility associated.

• Contraindications to clomiphene use: depression, heart and liver impairment, uncontrolled thyroid/adrenal dysfunction, organic intracranial lesions.