Bronchiectasis is a chronic disease arises from progressive airway inflammation and
infection. It has been postulated that bacterial infection triggers intense airway
inflammation leading to acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis. Antibiotics have been the most
potent medications for the treatment of bronchiectasis, however, the sputum bacterial load
and inflammatory indices at steady-state and exacerbation remain largely unknown. The
investigation might shed light on the roles that antibiotics play in acute exacerbation of
bronchiectasis and uncover the mechanisms on why a subgroup of individuals do not respond
satisfactorily.