Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Ambisome Aerosol With Itraconazole

• Status: Recruiting
• Trial end date: 2023-07-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

This study compares the therapeutic (clinical and radiological) efficacy of a six-month treatment by itraconazole and nebulised Ambisome® (liposomal amphotericin B = LAmB) versus treatment by itraconazole alone, in non - or mildly - immunocompromised patients affected by Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis (single aspergilloma excluded).

• Control arm: Itraconazole 200 mg x 2/day associated with inactive nebulised treatment twice a week during 24 weeks.

• Experimental arm: Itraconazole 200 mg x 2/day associated with nebulised LAmB, at 25 mg twice a week during 24 weeks.

Follow up duration for the patients will be 24 months (12 months minimum) after discontinuation of the treatment being studied.

• Phase: Phase 3
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: Poitiers University Hospital
• Treatments: Amphotericin B; Hydroxyitraconazole; Itraconazole; Liposomal amphotericin B

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

All adult patients affected with Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis (CPA) "de novo" or in relapse (without any history of resistance to itraconazole) combining the following criteria are eligible:

1. Patient with an Aspergillus bronchopulmonary infection, be it cavitary, fibrotic, necrotizing (SIA/Semi Invasive Aspergillosis) or nodular and documented by compatible thoracic CT-scan images ;

2. Associated with one of the following criteria:

• positive detection of anti-Aspergillus IgG and/or precipitating anti-aspergillus antibodies, according to the positivity threshold of the laboratory performing the technique,

• positive direct examination of Aspergillus or positive culture, from bronchopulmonary samples (expectoration or endoscopic aspiration),

• revealing aspergillar hyphae/filaments on histological samples

3. Men or women age ≥ 18 years;

4. For the women of childbearing age: women having a negative serum pregnancy test, having a contraception highly effective and accepting to pursue it during at least the first 12 months of the study;

5. Patient legally free and not subject to any custody, guardianship, tutelage or subordination measures;

6. Participants must be affiliated to France's Health Care Regime (" Sécurité Sociale ");

7. Free and informed consent signed by each participating patient.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. - Patient affected with single aspergilloma

2. - Patient presenting a contraindication to itraconazole (including all contraindicated co-administrated medications as listed in the itraconazole SmPc, including notably medications with potential to prolong theQT interval)

3. - Patient presenting a contraindication to voriconazole or posaconazole (including all contraindicated coadministrated medications as listed in the SmPc)

4. - Intolerance to beta2-agonists

5. - Notion of relapse with isolation of an Aspergillus resistant to itraconazole

6. - History of hypersensitivity reaction to liposomal amphotericin B or to itraconazole or to any other constituent

7. - Patient having presented complications related to a previous treatment by nebulised LAmB

8. - Patient received an oral (excepted oral Amphotericin B), parenteral or intra-cavity antifungal treatment within the last 2 months

9. - Severe renal failure (clearance <30 ml / min).

10. - Hepatic failure with transaminase and alkaline phosphatase values > 5 times normal

11. - Significant abnormality of the blood cell and platelet counts (at the discretion of the investigator)

12. - Concomitant use of one or several of treatments contra-indicated with the experimental or non-experimental treatment

13. - Ventricular dysfunction such as congestive cardiac failure or history of congestive cardiac failure or patients with risk(s) factors of cardiac arrhythmia or symptomatic arrhythmia with a prolongation of the corrected QT interval > 450 msec in men and 470 msec in women or treated by medication known to prolong QT interval, or prolongation of the corrected QT interval > 450 msec in men and 470 msec in women.

14. - Invasive pulmonary Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis

15. - Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis with indication for surgical intervention within 6 months from the start

16. - Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

17. - Immunocompromised patients

18. - Threatening hemoptysis, with impossibility to defer surgical procedures (but patients contraindicated to surgery may be included after resolution of the hemoptysis)

19. - Tuberculosis or progressive non-tuberculous mycobacteria

20. - Respiratory infection aggravating the underlying CPA (patient may be included after eradication of infection)

21. - Patient refusing to participate

22. - Protected majors in the meaning of the law, non affiliated persons or with no social security scheme, persons deprived of liberty by a judicial or administrative decision, persons staying in a health or social institution, adults under legal protection, and finally patients in emergencies.

23. - Patient in exclusion period following participation in another interventional study evaluating antifungals or medicines

24. - Women at age to procreate and not using highly effective contraception, pregnant or breastfeeding women