Correlation Between SUV on 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT and Gleason Score in Prostate Cancer
Status:
Completed
Trial end date:
2017-04-24
Target enrollment:
Participant gender:
Summary
1.0 Background & Introduction Positron emission tomography / computer tomography (PET/CT) is
a nuclear medicine procedure based on the measurement of positron emission from radiolabelled
tracers. This technology allows biologic processes to be visualized and measured on whole
body images. Common radiotracers in use today in the USA and Europe are radiolabelled choline
derivatives such as the analogs 18F-fluoromethylcholine (FMCh) and 18F-fluoroethylcholine
(FECh), or more broadly FCH. Both of these fluorinated choline analogs have been extensively
studied and display seemingly identical biological, radiopharmaceutical and radiochemical
properties. Both have been extensively studied in human prostate cancer, with FMCh having
slightly more published data than FECh. Imaging with radiolabelled choline derivatives is
used to determine sites of abnormal choline metabolism and can be used to characterize
prostate cancer, for which there is extensive data in the literature. PET/CT with
radiolabelled choline derivatives is considered standard of care by some experts where
available, however at the JGH, anatomic imaging with CT and MRI, and bone scan are the
current diagnostic imaging modalities in use for this patient population. Prostate cancer
cells have increased choline uptake compared to normal tissues, forming the molecular basis
for this technique. The Gleason score, a histopathologic measure of tumor aggressiveness, is
one of the most important prognostic factors in the disease. The objective of this study is
to evaluate if the degree of uptake measured by maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) on FCH
PET/CT in prostate cancer correlates with Gleason score at initial biopsy.
2.0 Study Objectives The objective of this study is to evaluate if the patient-wide SUVmax on
18F-FCH PET/CT in locoregional and metastatic prostate cancer correlates with histopathologic
Gleason score at initial biopsy. It is hypothesized that SUVmax will correlate positively
with Gleason score. This is of interest because non-invasive risk stratification may be
possible in the future.
3.0 Study Design This will be a single-site JGH-only open label study in which one (1)
18F-FCH PET/CT will be performed on study participants. A PET/CT scan takes about 3 hours.
4.0 Safety & Ethics The radiation dose to patients from fluorinated choline derivatives
compares favorably to the major PET tracer in widespread clinical use, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose
(18F-FDG). The safety of fluorinated choline derivatives is not disputed and the
investigators expect the number of adverse events in this study to be at (or near) zero.
There is no established toxicology for diagnostic doses of fluorinated choline derivatives.
There are no salient ethical considerations identified. The treating physicians are free to
order any diagnostic or therapeutic intervention on study patients, and care will not be
modified or restricted in any way. Treating physicians are free to incorporate information
acquired with this study or discard it if it is not relevant. Care of the patients may be
improved with additional information provided by FCH PET/CT, but it is otherwise unchanged.
No vulnerable populations will be included in the study.
5.0 Confidentiality All information (medical history, physical examination, and PET/CT
results) will be kept strictly confidential and only authorized personnel will have access.
The reports of the PET/CT will be contained in a password protected radiology & nuclear
medicine RIS database (RadImage) where all other diagnostic imaging reports are securely
stored. Clinical PET/CT reports will be stored indefinitely, whereas all other study data
will be kept locked by the PI and destroyed after 10 years.
6.0 Population, Sample Size and Recruitment A maximum of 225 competent adult male medically
stable prostate cancer patients with available Gleason Scores will be entered into the study.
Patients will be recruited by urologists in the clinical setting. Initial contact and consent
will be by the department of urology.