Cyclophosphamide for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

• Status: Completed
• Trial end date: 2016-06-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

There is no standard third-line systemic treatment for inoperable locoregionally advanced recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We investigated the efficacy and safety of metronomic oral cyclophosphamide as third-line treatment or beyond.

• Phase: Phase 2
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: The University of Hong Kong
• Treatments: Cyclophosphamide

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Inoperable locoregionally advanced recurrent NPC of undifferentiated type beyond curative surgical resection or second and subsequent courses of radical radiotherapy or metastatic disease who all had received at least 2 lines palliative systemic chemotherapy

• Adequate hematological function defined as absolute neutrophil count ≥1.5 × 10^9/l; hemoglobin ≥9.0 g/dl and platelet ≥100 × 10^9/l

• Adequate renal function defined as serum creatinine ≤1.5 × upper normal limit

• Adequate hepatic function defined as serum bilirubin ≤1.5 × upper normal limit; alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤3 × upper normal limit for patients without liver metastases or ≤5 × upper normal limit for those with liver metastases

• Measurable disease according to the RECIST criteria (version 1.1), for the evaluation of measurable disease

Exclusion Criteria:

• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 3 or above

• Known brain metastases or leptomeningeal metastases; Note: symptomatic, and/or if they require immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids (e.g. > 10 mg/day prednisone or equivalents) for at least 2 weeks prior to study drug administration; patients with treated brain metastases who are deemed clinically stable and without radiological progression on positron emission tomography (PET), MRI or computed tomography (CT) scan performed =< 8 weeks of study entry, are not excluded; Note: primary nasopharyngeal cancers that directly invade the skull base and extend into the infratemporal fossa (e) are not regarded as brain metastases and are not excluded

• History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to cyclophosphamide

• History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any monoclonal antibody

• Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements

• Any of the following:

• Pregnant women

• Nursing women

• Men or women of childbearing potential who are unwilling to employ adequate contraception Note: breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with cyclophosphamide; women of childbearing potential and men must use two forms of contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation; they must adhere to contraception for a period of 31 weeks after the last dose of cyclophosphamide

• For patients with unknown human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status at the time of enrollment, HIV serology must be tested during screening; patients who are tested positive for HIV could be included if there is an adequate cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) count (> 350/ul) on a stable regimen of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) with no detectable or minimal viral burden, and no active infections

• Those who cannot provide written informed consent