Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol for Continuous Sedation in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)

• Status: Completed
• Trial end date: 2010-03-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

Patients in the ICU who need help with their breathing are put onto a machine called a ventilator and are also given a medicine, called a sedative, which helps them to sleep and makes them more comfortable. Propofol is a sedative that is routinely used for these purposes.

For most patients the aim of sedation is to make them sleepy but still able to respond to nursing staff (light sedation).

Dexmedetomidine is a new sedative for use in intensive care and in this clinical study,dexmedetomidine is compared to propofol. It is thought that dexmedetomidine might be slightly better at allowing patients to be sleepy but still respond to people around them. It also does not appear to affect patient's breathing. The purpose of this study is to test whether dexmedetomidine really does have these advantages compared to propofol.

In this study, we hope to show that: dexmedetomidine is at least as good as propofol in helping patients to sleep better and making them more comfortable, and that they are able to communicate and cooperate better with the staff treating them, and that patients treated with dexmedetomidine require a shorter time on the ventilator than those treated with propofol.

• Phase: Phase 3
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: Orion Corporation, Orion Pharma
• Treatments: Dexmedetomidine; Propofol

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age more than 18 years

• Clinical need for sedation of an initially intubated (or tracheotomised) and ventilated (with inspiratory assistance) patient

• Prescribed light to moderate sedation (target RASS = 0 to -3) using propofol

• Patients should be randomised within 72 hours from ICU admission and within 48 hours of commencing continuous sedation in the ICU

• Patients should have an expected requirement for sedation more than 24 hours from time of randomisation

• Written informed consent must be obtained according to local regulations before starting any study procedures other than pre-screening

Exclusion Criteria:

• Acute severe intracranial or spinal neurological disorder due to vascular causes, infection, intracranial expansion or injury

• Uncompensated acute circulatory failure at time of randomisation (severe hypotension with mean arterial pressure [MAP] < 55 mmHg despite volume and pressors)

• Severe bradycardia (heart rate [HR] < 50 beats/min)

• AV-conduction block II-III (unless pacemaker installed)

• Severe hepatic impairment (bilirubin > 101 µmol/l)

• Need for muscle relaxation at the time of randomisation (may only be used for intubation and initial stabilization)

• Loss of hearing or vision, or any other condition which would significantly interfere with the collection of study data

• Burn injuries requiring regular anaesthesia or surgery

• Use of centrally acting α2 agonists or antagonists at the time of randomisation, notably clonidine

• Patients who have or are expected to have treatment withdrawn or withheld due to poor prognosis

• Patients receiving sedation for therapeutic indications rather than to tolerate the ventilator (e.g. epilepsy)

• Patients who are unlikely to require continuous sedation during mechanical ventilation (e.g. Guillain-Barré syndrome)

• Patients who are unlikely to be weaned from mechanical ventilation e.g. diseases/injuries primarily affecting the neuromuscular function of the respiratory apparatus such as clearly irreversible disease requiring prolonged ventilatory support (e.g. high spinal cord injury or advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)

• Distal paraplegia

• Positive pregnancy test or currently lactating

• Received any investigational drug within the preceding 30 days

• Concurrent participation in any other interventional study (any study in which patients are allocated to different treatment groups and/or non-routine diagnostic or monitoring procedures are performed)

• Previous participation in this study

• Any other condition which, in the investigator's opinion, would make it detrimental for the subject to participate in the study