The investigators studied the effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine compared with oral
midazolam with different doses for premedication in children. One hundred and twenty children
aged between 2 and 12 years were randomly allocated to one of four groups:2.5µg/kg intranasal
dexmedetomidine group ; 0.5mg/kg oral midazolam group;0.05 mg/kg intravenous injection
midazolam group; no premedication group.
Sedation levels 10, 20, and 30min after premedication were evaluated using a 5-point sedation
scale. A 4-point emotional state score was used to evaluate participators when they were
separated from their parents and their response to intravenous cannulation or facemask
application. Agitation scores (Pediatric Anesthe-sia Emergence Delirium [PAED] scale) and POV
were assessed in the postanesthetic care unit (PACU).Times to endotracheal tube or laryngeal
mask airway removal, discharge from the PACU and patients' satisfaction degree were also
assessed.