Effects of Sitagliptin in Relatives of T1D Patients
Status:
Not yet recruiting
Trial end date:
2027-12-01
Target enrollment:
Participant gender:
Summary
Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease, with a genetic background, resulting
from the immune-mediated destruction of beta cells of the pancreas. It can lead to fatal
short-term and long-term complications, especially if it is diagnosed late. Three stages of
the disease can be identified: Stage 1 is defined by the presence of two or more anti-islet
autoantibodies (GAD65, ICA, IA-2, ZnT8) with normoglycemia, Stage 2 shows progression to
dysglycemia (impaired glucose tolerance) in the setting of two or more anti-islet
autoantibodies, Stage 3 occurs when a patient meets ADA criteria for the diagnosis of
diabetes. It's been demonstrated that Teplizumab (an Fc receptor nonbinding anti-CD3
monoclonal antibody) delays the transition from pre-symptomatic T1D (stage 2) to overt T1D
(stage 3). Also Sitagliptin, a DPP4 inhibitor, has been proved effective in inhibiting
inflammation in T1D both in vitro in T1D mice, and in vivo in Latent autoimmune diabetes in
adults (LADA) patients. Furthermore, it has been confirmed that Sitagliptin reduces the
prevalence of worse forms of acute GVHD after myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic
stem-cell transplantation.
The study aims to investigate if Sitagliptin can have a delaying effect on progression to
overt T1D, on the account of its anti-inflammatory properties. The cohort is made of screened
relatives of T1D patients, who are classified as high-risk of developing T1D.
Screening relatives of T1D patients for dysglycemia and anti-islet autoantibodies. Selecting
the patients in Stage 2 Pre-symptomatic T1D (dysglycemia and at least two types of
autoantibodies) and then beginning therapy with Sitagliptin, while monitoring their glucose
metabolism with a Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) system.