Efficacy of Carfilzomib in Combination With Ibrutinib in Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia

• Status: Recruiting
• Trial end date: 2028-02-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

In Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) chemotherapy induces only low CR/VGPR (Complete Remission/ Very Good Partial Response) rates and responses of short duration compared to other indolent lymphomas. Thus, innovative approaches are needed which combine excellent activity and tolerability in WM. Chemotherapy-free approaches are highly attractive for this patient group. Based on its high activity in WM and its low toxicity, Ibrutinib was approved for the treatment of WM by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). However, also Ibrutinib fails to induce CRs and the VGPR rate is 16% in relapsed patients. In addition, activity of Ibrutinib depends on the genotype: compared to MYD88mut/CXCR4WT patients Ibrutinib single agent therapy induces substantially lower response rates in patients with the MYD88mut/CXCR4mut or the MYD88WT/CXCR4WT genotype (major response (at least PR) in 91.7 % compared to 61.9 and 0 %, respectively). Phase II data have indicated that the proteasome inhibitor Carfilzomib is able to overcome the inferior prognosis of Ibrutinib in MYD88mut/CXCR4mut and MYD88WT/CXCR4WT patients, as response rates were high for all genotypes in a phase II study combining Carfilzomib with Rituximab and Dexamethasone. Based on this the investigators hypothesize that addition of Carfilzomib to Ibrutinib will increase the VGPR/CR rate compared to Ibrutinib alone in patients with WM, in particular in patients carrying the CXCR4 mutation. In addition, the investigators hypothesize, that the combination Carfilzomib and Ibrutinib will be also highly active in MYD88 wildtype patients and that this combination will be at least as efficient in treatment naïve patients as in relapsed/refractory patients.

• Phase: Phase 3
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: Christian Buske
• Collaborators: Amgen; Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm; Janssen, LP; ZKS Ulm (Zentrum für Klinische Studien Ulm)

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

Each patient must meet all of the following inclusion criteria to be enrolled in this study:

• Proven clinicopathological diagnosis of WM as defined by consensus panel one of the Second International Workshop on WM. Histopathology has to occur before randomization within the last 4 months. In addition, pathological specimens have to be sent to the national pathological reference center prior to randomization for the determination of the mutational status of MYD88 and CYCR4. Immunophenotyping will be performed in each center and saved locally. The positivity for CD20 can be assumed from any previous bone marrow immunohistochemistry or flow cytometry analysis performed up to 4 months prior to enrollment. Flow cytometry of bone marrow and blood cells will include at least one double staining and assess the expression of the following antigens: surface immunoglobulin, CD19, CD20, CD5, CD10, CD38 and CD23. Patients are eligible if tumor cells express the following antigens: CD19, CD20, CD38 and if they are negative for CD5, CD10 and CD23 expression. Patients with tumor cells positive for CD5 and/or CD23 and morphologically similar to WM cells may be included after ruling out other low-grade B-cell malignancies.

• De novo and relapsed/refractory WM independent of the genotype.

• Determination of mutational status of MYD88 and CXCR4.

• Patients must have at least one of the following criteria to initiate treatment as partly defined by "Consensus Panel Two" recommendations from the Second International Workshop on Waldenström Macroglobulinemia:

• Recurrent fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue.

• Hyperviscosity.

• Lympadenopathy which is either symptomatic or bulky (≥ 5 cm in maximum diameter).

• Symptomatic hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly.

• Symptomatic organomegaly and/or organ or tissue infiltration.

• Peripheral neuropathy due to WM.

• Symptomatic cryoglobulinemia.

• Cold agglutinin anemia.

• IgM related immune hemolytic anemia and/or thrombocytopenia.

• Nephropathy related to WM.

• Amyloidosis related to WM.

• Hemoglobin ≤ 10 g/dL (patients should not have received red blood cells transfusions for at least 7 days prior to obtaining the screening haemoglobin).

• Platelet count < 100 x 109/L (caused by BM infiltration of the lymphoma).

• Serum monoclonal protein > 5 g/dL, even with no overt clinical symptoms.

• IgM serum concentration ≥ 5g/dl.

• and other WM associated relevant symptoms.

• World Health Organization (WHO)/ECOG performance status 0 to 2.

• Left ventricular ejection fraction ≥ 40% as assessed by transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE).

• Other criteria

• Age ≥ than 18 years (male and female).

• Life expectancy > 3 months.

• Baseline platelet count ≥ 50 x 109/L, absolute neutrophil count ≥ 0.75 x 109/L. (if not due to BM infiltration by the lymphoma).

• Meet the following pre-treatment laboratory criteria at the Screening visit conducted within 30 days prior to randomization:

• ASAT (SGPOT): < 3.0 times the ULN.

• ALAT (SGPT): < 3.0 times the ULN.

• Total Bilirubin: < 1.5 times the ULN, unless clearly related to the disease (except if due to Gilbert's syndrome).

• Serum creatinine: ≤ 2 mg/dl.

• Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) must agree to use a highly effective method of birth control for the duration of the therapy up to 6 months after end of therapy. A highly effective method of birth control is defined as those which result in a low failure rate (i.e. less than 1% per year) when used consistently and correctly such as combined (estrogen and progestogen containing) hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation (oral, intravaginal or transdermal), progestogen-only hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation (oral, injectable or implantable), intrauterine device (IUD), intrauterine hormone-releasing system (IUS), bilateral tubal occlusion, vasectomized partner or sexual abstinence. A postmenopausal state is defined as no menses for 12 months without an alternative medical cause. Contraception and pregnancy testing are required according the CTFG recommendations.

• Men must agree not to father a child for the duration of therapy and 6 months after (use of a condom) and must agree to advice a female partner to use a highly effective method of birth control. Males must refrain from sperm donation for at least 6 months after the last dose of treatment.

• Voluntary written informed consent in the native language of the patient before performance of any study-related procedure not part of normal medical care, with the understanding that consent may be withdrawn by the subject at any time without prejudice to future medical care.

Exclusion Criteria:

The presence of any of the following will exclude a subject from enrolment:

• Previous treatments with following substances are not allowed including into the trial:

• Prior exposure to Ibrutinib or BTK inhibitors

• Prior exposure to Carfilzomib. Prior exposure to other proteasome inhibitors are allowed if the patients were not refractory, that is had a remission duration of ≥ 6 months. Prior Plasmapheresis and short-term administration of corticosteroids ≤ 6 weeks administered at a dose equivalent to ≤ 20 mg/day prednisone is also allowed.

• Serious medical or psychiatric illness (especially undergoing treatment) likely to interfere with participation in this clinical study.

• Uncontrolled bacterial, viral or fungal infection.

• Active HIV, HBV or HCV infection.

• Known interstitial lung disease.

• Central Nervous System involvement by lymphoma.

• History of a non-lymphoid malignancy except for the following: adequately treated local basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, cervical carcinoma in situ, superficial bladder cancer, asymptomatic prostate cancer without known metastatic disease and with no requirement for therapy or requiring only hormonal therapy and with normal prostate specific antigen for ≥ 1 year prior to study enrolment visit, other Stage 1 or 2 cancer treated with a curative intent and currently in complete remission, for ≥ 3 years.

• Uncontrolled illness including, but not limited to:

• Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (as indicated by metabolic derangements and/or severe diabetes mellitus related uncontrolled organ complications).

• Unstable angina pectoris, angioplasty, stenting, or myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to randomization.

• Clinically significant cardiac arrhythmia that is symptomatic or requires treatment, or asymptomatic sustained ventricular tachycardia.

• Known pericardial disease.

• Malabsorption syndrome, disease significantly affecting gastrointestinal function, or resection of the stomach or small bowel, ulcerative colitis, symptomatic inflammatory bowel disease, or partial or complete bowel obstruction.

• Primary amyloidosis.

• Recent major surgery within 30 days prior to randomization.

• Chemotherapy with approved or investigational anticancer therapeutic within 21 days prior to randomization.

• Focal radiation therapy within 7 days prior to randomization. Radiation therapy to an extended field involving a significant volume of bone marrow within 21 days prior to randomization (i.e. prior radiation must have been to less than 30% of the bone marrow).

• Contraindication to any of the required concomitant drugs or supportive treatments, including hypersensitivity to antiviral drugs.

• Infiltrative pulmonary disease, known pulmonary hypertension.

• Active infection within 14 days prior to randomization requiring systemic antibiotics, antiviral (except antiviral therapy directed at hepatitis B) or antifungal agents. Such infection must be fully resolved prior to initiating study treatment.

• Pleural effusions requiring thoracentesis within 14 days prior to randomization.

• Ascites requiring paracentesis within 14 days prior to randomization.

• Uncontrolled hypertension, defined as an average systolic blood pressure > 159 mmHg or diastolic > 99 mmHg despite optimal treatment (measured following European Society of Hypertension/European Society of Cardiology [ESH/ESC] 2013 guidelines.

• History of stroke or intracranial hemorrhage within 6 months prior to randomization

• Known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) < 50% of predicted normal.

• Known severe persistent asthma within the past 2 years (see also https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/guidelines/asthsumm.pdf), or currently has uncontrolled asthma of any classification or at time of screening has an FEV1 of < 50% of predicted normal.

• Known cirrhosis.

• Autologous stem cell transplant less than 90 days prior to randomization.

• Allogeneic stem cell transplant less than 100 days prior to randomization.

• Vaccination with live attenuated vaccines within 30 days prior to randomization.

• History or evidence of any other clinically significant disorder, condition or disease (with the exception of those outlined above) that, in the opinion of the investigator or sponsor, if consulted, would pose a risk to subject safely or interfere with the study evaluation, procedures or completion.

• Women who are pregnant as well as women who are breast-feeding and do not consent to discontinue breast-feeding.

• Participation in another interventional clinical trial within 30 days before randomization in this study