Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine on the Craving Symptoms of Abstinent Hospitalized Patients With Cocaine Addiction
Status:
Recruiting
Trial end date:
2022-12-01
Target enrollment:
Participant gender:
Summary
Cocaine abuse is associated with serious physical, psychiatric and social problems. Addiction
results in the compulsive use of a substance with loss of control and persistence despite the
negative consequences.The act of re-engaging in the search for drugs is called relapse and a
particularly insidious aspect of addiction is that vulnerability to relapse lasts for many
years after stopping drug use.
The main reason why people continue to use cocaine is because of its influence on the reward
system.Indeed, this substance makes it possible to increase the level of dopamine,
particularly in the nucleus accumbens.This increase in dopamine is not related to the hedonic
pleasure that consumption provides. Instead, it imprints a positive value to enhancers and
facilitates the learning of reward associations through the modulation of the cortical and
subcortical regions of the brain.In other words, it suggests that users become sensitive to a
series of stimuli that combine with a rewarding feeling, which drives them to consume when
they encounter them.
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been used for a long time, mainly as mucolytic. It has also been
used as a glutathione antioxidant precursor in the treatment of paracetamol overdose for more
than 30 years. NAC has shown beneficial effects in animal models of cocaine addiction by
reversing neuroplasticity and reducing the risk of restoring consumer behavior in rodents.
Human studies show that NAC is potentially effective in preventing relapse in abstinent
patients and ineffective in reducing current consumption.
In this study the investigators will test a sample of newly detoxified (and therefore
abstinent) patients who have taken a 3-4 week course of treatment, in order determine if NAC
can be a useful medication candidate to avoid relapse in patients with cocaine dependence.