Environmental Effects Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

• Status: Completed
• Trial end date: 2018-02-02
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: Male

Summary

Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1D) is characterized by βcell destruction and a long life requirement of exogenous insulin. The bolus basal insulin regimen is a widely accepted therapy concept to treat hyperglycaemia in patients with T1D. This concept requires a very good knowledge of the individuals prandial and basal insulin requirements. However, insulin requirement depends on insulin absorption from the injection site and the individual's insulin sensitivity which relies on a number of effects including body composition, inflammatory processes and environmental factors. Climatic factors such as differences in air temperature could affect both, insulin absorption and insulin sensitivity as suggested by recent reports. For instance, it is reported that hot baths can accelerate the absorption of short acting but not of long acting insulin formulations from the subcutaneous depot. In addition, local warming of the injection site by a novel device (InsuPatch) results as well in an accelerated insulin action profile of short acting insulins. Moreover, Berglund et al. reported seasonal variations in insulin sensitivity in elderly men with increased insulin sensitivity during summer time.

Although an effect of temperature on insulin absorption and action can be assumed and was subject to current clinical trials, there is only little knowledge on the effect of humidity and the cumulative effect of humidity and temperature on insulin pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. For subjects with type 2 diabetes it was reported that accommodation to high temperatures and moist air of more than 75% is impaired compared to healthy subjects as determined by skin blood flow, temperature and moisture. Although it can be estimated that changes in blood flow due to hot and moist air affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous prandial insulins, to our knowledge no such study in subjects with T1D using the euglycaemic clamp technique was carried out yet. In order to assess the effect of temperature and humidity on insulin action, subjects with type 1 diabetes will be administered a single dose of short acting insulin in an environmental chamber either at 15°C or a warm environment of 40°C with either a low or high humidity (10% vs. 90%). Moreover, an exploratory part of the trial will evaluate the measurement performance of several blood glucose meters under the experimental climatic situations.

• Phase: N/A
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: University of Hull
• Treatments: Insulin; Insulin Lispro; Insulin, Globin Zinc

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male subjects

• Diabetes mellitus type 1

• HbA1c ≤ 9.0 %

• Total insulin dose of < 1.2 U/kg/day

• Age between 18 and 55 years, both inclusive

• Body mass index (BMI) between 18.0 and 28.0 kg/m2, both inclusive

• Informed consent must be obtained for all volunteers in writing

Exclusion Criteria:

• Known or suspected allergy to insulin.

• Recurrent major hypoglycaemia or hypoglycaemic unawareness as judged by the Investigator or hospitalization for diabetic ketoacidosis during the previous 6 months.

• Clinically significant diabetic neuropathy, in particular autonomous diabetic neuropathy.

• Supine blood pressure at screening (after resting for 5 min in supine position) outside the range of 90-140 mmHg for systolic or 50-90 mmHg for diastolic (excluding white-coat hypertension; therefore, if a repeated measurement shows values within the range, the subject can be included in the trial) and/or resting supine heart rate outside the range 50 -90 beats per minute. This exclusion criterion also pertains to subjects being on antihypertensives.

• Treatment with any other investigational drug within 3 months prior to screening. Participation in a clinical research trial in last 3 months.