Imaging the Effects of Stimulant Medication on Emotional Lability in Patients With ADHD

• Status: Completed
• Trial end date: 2018-06-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

The aim of this study is to examine the mechanisms by which stimulant medications reduce symptoms in patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), the investigators have found that the volumes of certain brain regions are reduced in patients with ADHD. The reduced volumes were much less pronounced if patients had been treated with stimulant medications, suggesting that stimulants may reduce the symptoms of ADHD by reversing these volume reductions. In a second and related study, the investigators found that in patients with ADHD, emotional processing was normalized when patients were taking stimulant medications. Both studies point to possible mechanisms by which stimulants are effective; however, a significant limitation of these findings is that they were derived from cross-sectional studies.

In this current study, the investigators hope to replicate these treatment effects of stimulants in a prospective, controlled manner. The investigators plan to measure ADHD symptom severity in patients before and after 12-weeks of controlled treatment with either a stimulant medication or placebo while utilizing structural and functional MRI. Combining imaging with a randomized controlled trial will allow us to better assess the effects of stimulants on brain function and structure.

• Phase: N/A
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Details

• Lead Sponsor: New York State Psychiatric Institute
• Collaborator: Shire
• Treatments: Central Nervous System Stimulants; Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

ADHD Participants: Meets Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria for a primary diagnosis of ADHD, any subtype.

Healthy Control Participants: No current DSM-IV-TR Axis I psychiatric diagnosis.

All Participants:

1. Male or female, 6 - 25 years of age, and in good physical health

2. English-speaking

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Current comorbid DSM-IV-TR Axis I psychiatric diagnosis or other symptomatic manifestations that, in the opinion of the examining physician, will contraindicate Lisdexamfetamine treatment or confound safety assessments

2. Meets DSM-IV-TR criteria for active substance abuse and/or dependence

3. Lifetime history of cocaine or stimulant abuse or dependence

4. Actively suicidal

5. Children and adolescents: Prior treatment with psychostimulants for longer than 1 month duration and/or treatment with psychostimulants within the past 4 months Adults: Treatment with psychostimulants within the past 12 months.

6. Documented allergy or intolerance to Lisdexamfetamine or other stimulant medications.

7. Taking other medications with central nervous system effects.

8. History of seizure (other than febrile seizure)

9. Diagnosis of hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, or other serious medical illness.

10. Personal or family history of medical conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, that may interfere with study participation, or for which treatment with Lisdexamfetamine may pose a risk

11. Pregnant or lactating

12. MRI contraindications such as pacemaker, braces, etc.

13. Full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) less than 70