Impact of Combined Medication and Behavioral Treatment for ASD & ADHD

• Status: Terminated
• Trial end date: 2021-04-19
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

Children with comorbid autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have significantly worse outcomes than those with either ASD alone or ADHD alone. Effective early treatments that account for ADHD symptoms have not been developed for young children with ASD+ADHD. The overarching goals of this randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 2, pilot study are to (1) evaluate a novel early intervention that pharmacologically addresses ADHD symptoms while providing an ASD-targeted behavioral intervention, and (2) identify changes in behavioral and neurophysiological activity that may underlie improved outcomes in children with comorbid ASD and ADHD ages 3-10 years. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate whether a stimulant treatment augments efficacy of an ASD specific form of parent child therapy based on the Early Start Denver Model called ESDM influenced Parent Coaching. Secondary aims are to determine the efficacy of combined intervention in improving ADHD symptoms and the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of Adzenys-XR-ODT in young children with ASD+ADHD. The study will also examine correlations between behavioral changes and state-of-the-art eye-gaze tracking (EGT) and electroencephalographic (EEG) biomarkers to elucidate key ways in which ADHD impacts attentional and neural functioning in ASD+ADHD, and to potentially identify new targets for intervention in children with ASD+ADHD. The study is about 8 months long and will involve screening, baseline assessment followed by 10- 11 weeks of study drug treatment (active or placebo) and 8 sessions of ESDM informed parent coaching beginning after 2 weeks of study drug treatment, primary endpoint assessments at ~11 weeks, AE follow-up by phone at ~week 13 and remote FU 24 weeks after baseline. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to the active medication or placebo, Between weeks 11 to 24, it is expected that the parent will use the behavioral strategies they were coached in even though they will not receive parent coaching. Participants will be given the option to pursue ADHD medication outside of the research study after week 11 assessments.

• Phase: Phase 2
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: Duke University
• Collaborator: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
• Treatments: Amphetamine

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Provision of a parent signed and dated informed consent form.

2. Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study.

3. Aged 36 months to less than 132 months.

4. Diagnosed with both ASD and ADHD based consensus diagnosis informed by results of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule 2nd edition (ADOS-2), Autism Diagnostic Interview - Revised (ADI-R), and a Standardized ADHD Diagnostic Interview and the MINI psychiatric diagnostic interview.

5. In good general health as evidenced by medical history and physical exam and review of safety labs and electrocardiogram.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Recent use of prohibited psychoactive medication in close proximity of baseline assessments. See MOP for specific medications that are prohibited and washout procedures. Use of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor is prohibited within 14 days of baseline.

2. Known allergic reactions to amphetamines or components of Adzenys-XR-ODT.

3. Known history of sudden non-ischemic cardiac death in a first or second degree family member (sibling, parent, aunt, uncle, cousin or grandparent).

4. Personal history of significant cardiac abnormalities or disease, particularly rhythm abnormalities.

5. Significant visual, auditory or motor impairments that would preclude participation in ESDM-informed parent coaching or completion of key assessments.

6. Inability of the caregiver participating in P-ESDM and responding to questionnaires to fluently speak English.

7. Parent's participation in another parent coaching intervention on more than a monthly basis that may affect study provided therapy as determined by the PI or clinician.

8. Presence of any psychiatric conditions or psychiatric symptoms in addition to ASD and ADHD that would confound assessments and/or affect participation in the study as deemed by the PI or clinician.

9. Known genetic (e.g. Fragile X) or neurological syndrome or condition with established link to autism, but not events in which the link to ASD is less well known/established (e.g., 16p11.2 CNVs, CHD8 mutations, Trisomy 21, 22q deletion syndrome)

10. History of epilepsy or seizure disorder (except for history of simple febrile seizures or if the child is seizure free (regardless of seizure type) for the past year).

11. History of neonatal brain damage. (eg., with diagnoses hypoxic or ischemic event)

12. Any known environmental circumstances that is likely to account for the picture of autism in the proband (severe nutritional or psychological deprivation etc.)

13. Study clinician judgment that it is not in the best interests of the participant and/or the study for the child to participate.