Lenvatinib in Recurrent and/or Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinomas of the Salivary Glands: ACC-LEN14

• Status: Completed
• Trial end date: 2019-06-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

ACC is rare and represent approximately 25% of salivary gland carcinomas. The standard treatment is surgical excision followed by radiotherapy in selected cases. The disease is characterized by a progressive course with local and distant recurrences. First-line treatment is palliative chemotherapy that had modest results. Expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor in ACC of salivary origin has been reported. Several papers report that a high percentage of ACCs carries a chromosome translocation that results in the overexpression of the oncogene MYB, which is involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and in upregulation of several growth and angiogenetic factors contributing to the autocrine activation of the FGFR and VEGFR-mediated angiogenesis. Recently two whole genome sequencing of several ACC tumor/normal pairs have found mutations in genes involved in the FGF/IGF/PI3K pathway corroborating the hypothesis that this subset might benefit from inhibitors of this pathway. Based on these premises several antiangiogenic drugs and FGFR inhibitors are currently under investigation and a response rate of 11% was observed in ACC. Lenvatinib is an oral multiple RTK inhibitor targeting VEGFR-1-3, FGFR-1-4, RET, c-KIT, and PDGFR. On February 13, 2015 the drug has been approved by FDA for the treatment of patients with locally recurrent or metastatic, radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. Based on preclinical and clinical data, the investigators believe that targeting angiogenesis, FGFR pathway and tumor microenvironment might represent a rational basis to test Lenvatinib in patients with relapsed and/or metastatic ACC.

• Phase: Phase 2
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano
• Treatments: Lenvatinib

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Histologically proven relapsed and/or metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma for which potentially curative options such as surgery or radiotherapy are not indicated.

2. Archival tissue samples or unstained 20 slides from primary tumor or metastasis for translational biological research.

3. Subjects with at least one uni-dimensional measurable lesion by CT-scan or MRI according to RECIST criteria 1.1 (target lesion). A previously treated lesion by radiotherapy or loco-regional therapies such as radiofrequency (RF) can be chosen as target lesion only if progression in the respective lesion has been demonstrated during or following radiotherapy.

4. Clinical or radiological progression of disease within 6 months at study entry. Progression of disease by RECIST is not required.

5. Age ≥ 18 years

6. ECOG Performance Status < 2

7. Life expectancy of > 3 months

8. Adequately controlled blood pressure with or without antihypertensive medications, defined as BP < 150/90 mmHg at screening and no change in antihypertensive medications within 1 week prior to Cycle 1 Day 1

9. Adequate bone marrow, liver and renal function as assessed by the following laboratory requirements to be conducted within 7 days prior to screening:

• Hemoglobin >9.0 g/dl

• Neutrophil count (ANC) >1,000/mm3

• Platelet count 75,000/μl

• Total bilirubin <1.5 times the upper limit of normal

• ALT and AST <2.5 x upper limit of normal (<5 x upper limit of normal for patients with liver metastases)

• Serum creatinine <1.5 x upper limit of normal

• Alkaline phosphatase <4 x ULN

• PT-INR/PTT <1.5 x upper limit of normal (Patients who are being therapeutically anticoagulated with an agent such as heparin will be allowed to participate provided that no prior evidence of underlying abnormality in these parameters exists)

10. Previous systemic therapy for metastatic disease is allowed for a maximum of 1 previous line of chemotherapy and/or 1 previous line of TKI

11. Signed written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Symptomatic metastatic brain or meningeal tumors unless the patient is > 6 months from definitive therapy, has a negative imaging study within 4 weeks of study entry and is clinically stable with respect to the tumor at the time of study entry

2. Subjects having > 1+ proteinuria on urine dipstick testing will undergo 24h urine collection for quantitative assessment of proteinuria. Subjects with urine protein ≥ 1 g/24h will be ineligible

3. History of cardiac disease: congestive heart failure >NYHA class 2; active CAD (MI more than 6 mo prior to study entry is allowed); cardiac arrhythmias requiring anti-arrhythmic therapy (beta blockers or digoxin are permitted)

4. Gastrointestinal abnormalities (i.e. inability to take oral medication; malabsorption syndrome)

5. Requirement for anticoagulant therapy with oral vitamin K antagonists (LMWH therapy is accepted)

6. Prolongation of QTc interval to > 480 msec

7. Known allergic reaction to any of the components of the treatment

8. Substance abuse, medical, psychological or social conditions that may interfere with the patient's participation in the study or evaluation of the study results

9. Legal incapacity or limited legal capacity

10. Active clinically serious infections (> grade 2 NCI-CTC version 4.0)

11. Medical or psychological condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, would not enable the patient to complete the study or knowingly sign the Informed Consent

12. Pregnant or breast-feeding patients. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test performed within 7 days of the start of treatment. Both men and women enrolled in this trial must use adequate barrier birth control measures during the course of the trial and two weeks after the completion of trial

13. Previous or concurrent cancer that is distinct in primary site or histology from the cancer being evaluated in this study except cervical carcinoma in situ, treated basal cell carcinoma, superficial bladder tumors [Ta, Tis & T1] or any cancer curatively treated > 3 years prior to study entry.

14. Patients with seizure disorder requiring medication (such as steroids or anti-epileptics)

15. History of organ allograft.

16. Patients with evidence or history of bleeding diathesis

17. Patients undergoing renal dialysis

18. Anticancer chemotherapy or immunotherapy during the study or within 4 weeks of study entry.

19. Previous therapy with lenvatinib (E7080)

20. Radiotherapy during study or within 3 weeks of start of study drug. (Palliative radiotherapy will be allowed)

21. Major surgery within 2 weeks of start of study

22. Use of biologic response modifiers, such as G-CSF, within 3 week of study entry [G-CSF and other hematopoietic growth factors may be used in the management of acute toxicity such as febrile neutropenia when clinically indicated or at the discretion of the investigator, however they may not be substituted for a required dose reduction; patients taking chronic erythropoietin are permitted provided no dose adjustment is undertaken within 2 months prior to the study or during the study]

23. Investigational drug therapy outside of this trial during or within 4 weeks of study entry