Pharmacokinetics/ Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) Study of Vancomycin

• Status: Unknown status
• Trial end date: 2016-06-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

1. Drug resistance of G+ cocci is a severe healthcare problem. According to the Ministry of Health National Antimicrobial Resistant Investigation Net (mohnarin) surveillance report, the isolation rate of MRSA is some 60% in China. MRSA infection has become a serious clinical problem;

2. Vancomycin is a bactericidal glycopeptide antibiotic which inhibits bacterial growth by hindering the synthesis of cell wall in bacteria. It exerts strong antibiotic effect to Gram+ bacteria. It is indicated for serious staphylococcus infections especially MRSA infection and has become the gold standard agent in MRSA treatment;

3. Vancomycin is a time-dependent antibiotic, its clinical and microbiological efficacy is related to area under curve（ AUC）/minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC ）(AUIC). Cmin at steady state is an surrogate parameter of AUIC, which is closely associated to the efficacy;

4. AUIC >400 and Cmin between 15~20 mg/L are recommended for effective vancomycin treatment by Infectious Diseases Society of America （IDSA） although it is still disputable;

5. Due to the absence of PK/PD study on vancomycin in China, administration of vancomycin is performed in reference to the recommendation of IDSA. Its suitability to Chinese patients is still to be clarified;

6. Plasma concentrations of vancomycin vary significantly between population and individuals. Factors such as large-volume fluid infusion, hypoproteinemia and renal clearance, etc. will influence the distribution and excretion of vancomycin, resulting in different plasma concentrations between individuals. Results of PK studies differ greatly between China and abroad. Administration based on the AUIC or Cmin recommended by IDSA would not be suitable to Chinese patients. Given the definite long-term benefit of vancomycin treatment, the AUIC or Cmin suitable to Chinese patients must be identified by clinical study.

7. The PK/PD study on vancomycin in the treatment to MRSA septicemia and endocarditis is of great significance for more reasonable use and improved therapeutic efficacy of MRSA infection.

• Phase: Phase 4
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: Zhejiang University
• Collaborators: First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command; Qilu Hospital; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University; Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Shengjing Hospital; The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University; Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of TCM
• Treatments: Vancomycin

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age ≥18 years, male or female;

2. diagnosed as MRSA septicemia or endocarditis; Septicemia clinical manifestations of infection; MRSA infection confirmed by blood culture; Endocarditis: diagnosed according to modified Duke Criteria

3. no therapy with effective anti-MRSA drugs 72 hours prior to the study; Effective anti-MRSA drugs used in China include: vancomycin, norvancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, daptomycin, tigecycline, and fusidic acid.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. those being allergic to glycopeptides antibiotics;

2. those with osteomyelitis, central nervous system infection or other septic migrations (except for endocarditis);

3. patients with catheter-related bloodstream infection who cannot withdraw catheter;

4. those during chemotherapy for cancer or leukemia;

5. those with agranulocytosis;

6. those with HIV infection;

7. women in pregnancy or lactation;

8. patients receiving vancomycin for less than 72 hours;

9. patients participating in any other clinical trial in 3 months prior to the study (not limited to trials for antibiotics)