RCT: Trazodone vs Quetiapine vs Placebo for Treating ICU Delirium (TraQ)

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Trial end date: 2023-12-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of trazodone as compared to quetiapine and placebo, in the management of ICU delirium in adult (>=18 years old) surgical ICU patients. The investigators will compare outcomes such as delirium incidence and duration, in-hospital mortality, 28-day mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS), ICU LOS, mechanical ventilator days, complications, adverse effects, rescue medication use, delirium symptom severity, sleep duration, and sleep quality among participants receiving trazodone, quetiapine, or placebo. The investigators hypothesize participants receiving trazodone will have a shorter duration of delirium, decreased delirium severity, and improved sleep quality compared to participants receiving quetiapine and placebo.

• Phase: Phase 4
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: University of Southern California
• Treatments: Quetiapine Fumarate; Trazodone

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

1. >=18-years-old

2. Admitted to the surgical ICU for >24 hours

3. Written informed consent obtained from the patient or their surrogate decision maker.

4. Diagnosis of ICU delirium defined by positive CAM-ICU score AND exhibiting symptomatic delirium (i.e., combative, pulling at lines, a danger to self or others, inability to sleep, hallucinations, etc.), thus, requiring the need for pharmacologic intervention as determined by the attending intensivist

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Acute alcohol or substance abuse withdrawal symptoms/syndrome (i.e., delirium tremens) requiring treatment/intervention (i.e., implementation of the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol (CIWA) protocol, benzodiazepines, alpha-2 agonist, etc.)

2. Recent torsade de pointes or ventricular arrhythmia

3. Prolonged QTc syndrome AND/OR prolonged QT-interval (QTc>500 ms on baseline EKG, performed on the day of randomization)

4. Active psychosis

5. Patients taking medications with known interactions with either trazodone and/or quetiapine

6. Acute encephalopathy (i.e., hepatic, uremic, etc.)

7. Seizure disorder

8. myocardial infarction (MI) within the past 30 days

9. Tardive dyskinesia

10. Hyponatremia

11. Terminal state

12. Diagnosis of liver disease

13. Patients who are strict NPO, are a high aspiration risk (defined as frequent nausea/vomiting, ileus, gastric dysmotility disorder, uncontrolled GERD, weakness/deconditioning, diabetes with gastroparesis, not tolerating full tube feeds if being enterally fed (high residual gastric volume >500 cc), elderly patients with waxing/waning mental status), have dysphagia, and/or have difficulty swallowing capsules as determined by speech therapist

14. Patients who have enteral access such as a small-bore feeding tube, nasogastric or orogastric tube, or gastrostomy/gastrojejunostomy tube (as these patients will need medications crushed in order to administer via the tube, and the capsules used in this study cannot be crushed)

15. Presence of an acute neurologic condition (i.e., acute cerebrovascular accident, intracranial tumor, traumatic brain injury, etc.) on ICU admission. History of stroke or other neurological condition(s) without cognitive impairment is not an exclusion criterion.

16. Pregnancy/lactation

17. History of ventricular arrhythmia including torsade de pointes

18. Allergy/hypersensitivity reaction to trazodone and/or quetiapine

19. Diagnosis of dementia

20. History of neuroleptic malignant syndrome and/or serotonin syndrome

21. Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease or parkinsonism (also referred to as hypokinetic rigidity syndrome)

22. Schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder

23. Patients in whom CAM-ICU cannot be performed to screen for delirium (i.e., acute encephalopathy, mental retardation, vegetative state/coma, deaf, blind, etc.)

24. Inability to speak or understand English

25. Expected to die or transfer out of the ICU within 24 hours

26. Currently enrolled and participating in another interventional study

27. No signed written informed consent by patient or their surrogate decision maker.