Randomized Controlled Trial of Labetalol Versus Hydralazine for Severe Hypertension in Obstetric Patients.

• Status: Completed
• Trial end date: 2015-03-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: Female

Summary

Severe Hypertension in pregnancy demands urgent treatment because of high mortality & morbidity in obstetric patients. Hydralazine, the most commonly used agent, causes sudden hypo tension and tachycardia. Labetalol because of combined α and β blocking effects lacks these side effects. Most recent Cochrane systematic review on use of anti hypertensive drugs in pregnancy related hypertension, could include only four trials of comparison of Hydralazine with Labetalol. Three out of total 4, had sample size ranging from 20-60 obstetric, with total sample size ranging from 19-30. Only 2 trials reported severe persistent hypertension.This review could not conclude about comparative effects due to insufficient data and suggested that further trials should compare Hydralazine with Nifedipine or labetalol, and to report severe persistent hypertension and adverse feto-maternal effects.

OBJECTIVES:1) To compare efficacy and severe persistent hypertension after intravenous Labetalol versus Hydralazine, within maximum 5 drug boluses, in obstetric severe hypertensive patients at Civil Hospital Karachi.

2) To compare immediate adverse maternal and fetal effects in the study group. 3) Furthermore, to assess response to treatment, in terms of patient and disease characteristics.

STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial.

SETTING & DURATION OF STUDY: Gynaecology Unit I, Civil hospital Karachi, from Oct 2012 to Sep 2014

METHODS: Total one hundred eighty-four patients with, severe hypertension (systolic blood pressure(S.B.P)≥160 and/or diastolic blood pressure(D.B.P) ≥110 mm Hg) at greater than 28 weeks of pregnancy or upto 72 hours after delivery, were enrolled and randomly allocated to drug A or B. At enrollment, 94 patients were allocated to Labetalol to 96 to Hydralazine through simple randomization. Since six cases were excluded due to insufficient information( 2 from group A and 4 from group B) so finally data of 92 patients in each group was analyzed. Primary outcome measures were lowering of S.B.P to <160 mm Hg and D.B.P <110 mm Hg (efficacy)and severe persistent hypertension. In addition maternal hypo tension, tachycardia, bradycardia, adverse effect on fetal heart, still birth and neonatal bradycardia were measured.

EXPECTED OUTCOME: Efficacy, severe persistent hypertension and side effects of Labetalol versus Hydralazine, in our population were determined.

Assessment of response to Drug A and B, will help in choosing a drug for different patient and disease characteristics.

• Phase: Phase 2
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: Dow University of Health Sciences
• Treatments: Hydralazine; Labetalol

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

INCLUSIONS CRITERIA Pregnant or post partum patients with systolic blood pressure ≥160mm of Hg or diastolic BP ≥110 mm Hg, on repeat measurement of blood pressure after 15 minutes of rest, meeting following inclusion criteria will be included.

1. Pregnancy greater than 28 wks(gestational age determined by ultrasound prior to 20 weeks which if unavailable then by uterine size at first prenatal visit or by last menstrual period) with gestational hypertension, severe preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia, eclampsia and unclassified hypertension.

2. Postpartum patients, upto 72 hours after delivery, diagnosed as gestational hypertension, severe preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia, eclampsia and unclassified hypertension.

3. Patients with singleton or multiple pregnancy.

4. Patients of all ages and parity.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with asthma.

2. Patients with cardiac failure and heart block.

3. Patients with pacing device in place or any type of cardiac arrhythmia. -