Studies of Dextromethorphan and Topiramate to Treat Oral and Facial Pain

• Status: Completed
• Trial end date: 2002-01-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

This study will evaluate the safety and effectiveness of two drugs-dextromethorphan and topiramate-in treating orofacial (mouth and face) pain. Dextromethorphan, a commonly used cough suppressant, and topiramate, an anti-seizure medicine, block certain receptors on brain and spinal nerve cells that may cause the cells to produce electrical discharges and pain.

Patients 18 years of age and older with oral and facial pain with trigeminal nerve damage and who have had pain daily for at least 3 months may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a medical history, physical examination, blood tests and psychiatric evaluation. These results will serve as baseline values for participants. Those enrolled in the study will take either dextromethorphan or topiramate in a 2-part study as follows:

Dextromethorphan

In Part 1, patients will take dextromethorphan and lorazepam (a commonly used anti-anxiety drug) separately in two 6-week periods. (Lorazepam is used in this study as an "active placebo" for comparison with dextromethorphan. An active placebo is a drug that does not work for the problem being studied but whose side effects are like those of the test drug.) They will take dextromethorphan for 4 weeks to determine the maximum tolerated dose (the highest dose that does not cause troubling side effects) and will stay on that dose for the remaining 2 weeks. Then they will repeat this process with lorazepam. Patients who respond to either drug may continue with Part 2 of the study, which compares these two drugs four more times to confirm the response seen in Part 1. In Part 2, the maximum tolerated dose will be determined in a 2-week period and that dose will be continued for another 2 weeks. This procedure will be repeated eight times. Throughout the study, patients will keep a daily pain diary. They will be contacted by telephone 2 to 3 times a week during dose escalation to check for side effects. At the end of each of the two 6-week periods in Part 1 and at the end of each 4-week period in Part 2 of the study, patients will have a 1-hour clinic visit. Participants who live more than a few hours' drive from NIH will have a full telephone follow-up evaluation instead of the clinic visits.

Topiramate

Patients who receive topiramate will follow a plan similar to that described above for dextromethorphan, with the following exceptions. They will take topiramate and an inactive placebo (a look-alike pill that has no active ingredients) in two separate 12-week periods. Patients' maximum tolerated dose will be determined in the first 8 weeks and they will stay on that dose for the remaining 4 weeks of each period. Patients who respond to the medication in Part 1 may continue with Part 2 to confirm the response. Part 2 consists of six 6-week periods. The first 4 weeks of each will be used to determine the maximum tolerated dose and the patient will remain on that dose for the next 2 weeks. Patients will keep a daily pain diary and will be contacted by phone 2 to 3 times a week while doses are being increased. Patients who complete Part 2 of the topiramate study may participate in another phase of the study that will last for 2 years. Those who continue for this phase will take topiramate for the 2-year period. They will be followed regularly by a study nurse and will come to NIH every 6 months for a follow-up visit.

• Phase: Phase 2
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)
• Treatments: Dextromethorphan; Topiramate

Criteria

Facial neuralgia, not explained by bone, soft tissue or mucosal lesions.

Experiencing daily moderate pain or daily paroxysms of pain unremitting for at least 3 months.

Previous trial of an antineuralgic medication.

Patients entering the study on other analgesic medications must either continue them as a stable regimen throughout the study period or discontinue them 2 weeks prior to starting the initial pain diary.

Adults aged 18 to 89.

Serum laboratory results obtained at study entry:

Liver function tests: ALT/AST less than 1.2 times upper limit of normal;

Creatinine less than 1.5 times upper limit of normal;

Negative serum betaHCG for women of childbearing age.

Adequate birth control (e.g., oral contraceptives, Norplant) for all women of child-bearing age.

Sufficient cognitive function and English language skills to complete questionnaires and communicate verbally with the nursing staff to permit titration of the study drugs.

No presence of a painful condition as severe as, but distinct from their orofacial pain condition.

No pregnant or lactating women.

Patients must not have end-stage renal or hepatic disease.

Patients must not have moderate to severe heart disease (MI within preceding year, unstable angina or congestive heart failure).

No signs or symptoms of any central neurologic disorder (including seizures).

No psychological/psychiatric disorder as identified by a pre-study entry psychiatric assessment.

Patients must not have hypersensitivity or intolerance to dextromethorphan, topiramate or the active placebo.

No chronic substance abuse, including alcoholism.

Patients must have a primary physician.

Subjects must not have received an experimental drug or used and experimental device within 30 days.