Sweet Preference and Alcohol Craving

• Status: Completed
• Trial end date: 2012-06-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

Purpose: The proposed 2-year investigation will be the first double-blind, placebo-controlled trial examining the hedonic response to sweet taste (HRST) as a phenotypic predictor of naltrexone (NTX) response in alcohol dependence. HRST yields two primary phenotypes-Sweet Likers (SL) and Sweet Dislikers (SDL). Based on preliminary findings, HRST will be examined in conjunction with craving for alcohol to assess whether the two factors together provide a more robust predictor of NTX response. The identification of methods to predict naltrexone response in alcohol dependence is an important goal for alcohol treatment research. Currently naltrexone is not being used nearly as much as it should be, in part because clinicians do not believe it is very effective. The development of tools that would identify which patients are more likely to have a robust response to naltrexone should lead to increased use of the medication. This could help many patients who are not now having the opportunity of trying naltrexone.

There are two principal Specific Aims for the study:

Specific Aim 1. To test the hypothesis that a combination of SL/SDL status and initial alcohol craving will predict % abstinent days (%ABST) during treatment with naltrexone.

Specific Aim 2. To test whether a combination of SL/SDL status and initial alcohol craving predict % heavy drinking days (%HDD) during treatment with naltrexone.

• Phase: Phase 2
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
• Collaborators: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA); National Institutes of Health (NIH)
• Treatments: Ethanol; Naltrexone

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Men and women between the ages of 18 and 65 meeting DSM-IV criteria for current alcohol dependence.

2. More than 14 drinks (women) or 21 drinks (men) per week including at least 2 heavy drinking days/week on average (men > 5 drinks/day; women > 4 drinks/day) during a consecutive 30-day period within the 90 days prior to screening.

3. Ability to understand and sign written informed consent.

4. Must have a 0.0 gms/dL breathalyzer reading on the day of screening and 0.0 gms/dL on the day of randomization.

5. Must be willing to refrain from drinking for three days prior to randomization day.

6. Express a desire to achieve abstinence or to greatly reduce alcohol consumption.

7. Must have a stable residence and be able to identify an individual who could locate subject if needed.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Clinically significant medical disease that might interfere with the evaluation of the study medication or present a safety concern (e.g., cirrhosis, unstable hypertension, seizure disorder, use of opiate medication).

2. Clinically significant psychiatric illness including: any psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, severe depression, or suicidal ideation.

3. Other substance abuse or dependence disorder other than nicotine or alcohol.

4. Concurrent use of any psychotropic medication including antidepressants, mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, stimulants, or hypnotics with the exception of stable doses of antidepressants for one month.

5. History of complicated alcohol withdrawal, i.e. withdrawal seizure or delirium tremens.

6. AST, or ALT > 3 times Upper Limit of Normal (ULN) or bilirubin > ULN.

7. Positive urine toxicology screen with the exception of cannabis. Individuals with positive cannabis screens will be excluded only if they have a history of cannabis dependence.

8. Pregnant women and women of childbearing potential who do not practice a medically acceptable form of birth control (oral or depot contraceptive, or barrier methods such as diaphragm or condom with spermicidal) and women who are breast feeding.

9. Individuals requiring inpatient treatment or more intense outpatient treatment for their alcohol dependence.

10. Participation in any clinical trial within the past 60 days.

11. Court-mandated participation in alcohol treatment or pending incarceration.