Cortisone injections are commonly used in the treatment of osteoarthrosis of the knee, but
there are known detriments to cortisone including localized tissue atrophy near the injection
site and acceleration of joint degeneration, as well as contraindications, such as
uncontrolled diabetes. Ketorolac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory with decades of
clinical data that is most commonly injected intramuscularly. There is rising interest in
using ketorolac as an intra-articular injectant substitute or adjunctive to cortisone. This
may potentially improve clinical outcomes or decrease adverse effects. Although
intra-articular use of ketorolac is increasing in orthopedics and sports medicine, there is
limited data in the literature comparing these two injectants in prospective, randomized
trials, and no data that evaluates combining the two injectants. Primary objectives are to
evaluate the efficacy of intra-articular ketorolac compared to cortisone on knee
osteoarthrosis and to evaluate whether the combination of ketorolac and cortisone is superior
to either alone.