Two-Stage Tuberculin (PPD) Skin Testing in Individuals With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection

• Status: Completed
• Trial end date: 1992-12-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

To quantitate in an HIV-infected population the percentage of patients demonstrating the "booster" phenomenon (attainment of a positive response to a second tuberculin purified protein derivative skin test when the first skin test was negative); to determine the relationship between the booster phenomenon and CD4-positive lymphocyte cell counts; to detect any relationship between the booster phenomenon and HIV exposure category.

The accuracy of skin testing to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) infection is dependent upon the host's ability to mount a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction; however, the DTH response may be impaired or absent in patients with impaired cell-mediated immunity, a classic characteristic of HIV infection. Patients in whom immunity is diminished, but not absent, may test negative the first time a purified protein derivative skin test for MTb is administered, but if the same skin test is repeated, a positive DTH response may then be elicited. This occurrence is known as the "booster" phenomenon.

• Phase: N/A
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
• Collaborator: Warner Lambert - Parke Davis

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Patients must have:

• HIV infection.

• Negative PPD skin test within previous 7-28 days.

Exclusion Criteria

Concurrent Medication:

Excluded:

• Steroids.

• Live viral vaccines.

• Antihistamines.

• Chemoprophylaxis or chemotherapy for suspected or confirmed tuberculosis.

Patients with the following prior conditions are excluded:

• History of documented positive PPD skin test.

• History of tuberculosis or who are presently receiving chemoprophylaxis or chemotherapy for suspected or confirmed tuberculosis.

• History of sensitivity to tuberculin or components of PPD.

Prior Medication:

Excluded:

• Live viral vaccine within the past 4 weeks.

• Steroid therapy within the past 4 weeks.

• Antihistamines within the past week.

• Chemoprophylaxis or chemotherapy for suspected or confirmed tuberculosis.