A previous preliminary study performed at Vanderbilt University with funding from the
Leukemia Society of America demonstrated that the response of leukemia cells in vitro to the
chemotherapeutic agent idarubicin in the microculture kinetic assay for apoptosis (MiCK
assay) predicted survival in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In
this previous study, achievement of complete response (CR) to induction therapy with
idarubicin and cytarabine was used as the clinical indicator for determining whether leukemia
specimens taken prior to treatment were sensitive or not sensitive in the MiCK assay. This
group of patients has been followed for 7 years and their long term survival rates show that
their responses in the MiCK assay to idarubicin but not cytarabine predict survival. In the
present proposal a separate group of patients with newly diagnosed AML will be recruited to
provide leukemia cell samples that will be used to establish criteria for sensitivity and
non-sensitivity to idarubicin and cytarabine in the MiCK assay. The achievement of CR will be
used to determine in vitro sensitivity as it was done in the previous study. With the in
vitro sensitivities as determined in this proposed study, the long term survivals of patients
in the previous study will be analyzed prospectively.
The proposed study is expected to have an approximate duration of one year. Patient
population will include newly diagnosed AML patients with both de novo AML and AML arising
from a previously diagnosed myelodysplastic syndrome. The study will not include patients
with previously treated leukemia that has relapsed