Voriconazole to Prevent Systemic Fungal Infections in Children

• Status: Completed
• Trial end date: 2001-01-01
• Target enrollment: 0
• Participant gender: All

Summary

This study will examine how children's bodies metabolize and eliminate the anti-fungal drug voriconazole. The results will yield information needed to make recommendations for safe and effective dosing of the drug in children. Children with reduced immune function-such as those receiving drugs for cancer treatment-are at high risk for serious fungal infections.

Children between 2 and 12 years old who need treatment to prevent fungal infections may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a physical examination, eye examination, and blood and urine tests.

Children in the study will be hospitalized for 21 days. They will receive voriconazole twice a day (every 12 hours) for 8 days, infused through a vein over a period of 1 to 2 hours. The dose will be determined based on the individual child's weight. Blood samples will be collected at various intervals before and after the infusions on days 1, 2, 4 and 8 to determine the amount of drug in the blood. On day 8, the child will have another physical and eye examination, as well as additional blood and urine tests. If additional treatment is required, voriconazole may be continued for up to day 21. (Children who require the drug for more than 21 days may receive it under another research protocol.) On the last day of treatment, the child will have another physical examination, and blood and urine tests. These procedures will be repeated again at 30 to 35 days following the last dose of drug. A small sample of blood will also be analyzed for genetic information related to the rate of metabolism of voriconazole-that is, how fast or slow it is cleared (eliminated) by the liver.

Voriconazole is effective against several different fungi. It may protect children against serious fungal infections with fewer side effects than standard available therapy.

• Phase: Phase 1
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers?: No

Details

• Lead Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Treatments: Voriconazole

Criteria

Children (male or female) ages 2-12 years who require treatment for the prevention of systemic fungal infection.

Children who are expected to develop neutropenia lasting for more than 10 days following chemotherapy for one of the following conditions: leukemia, lymphoma, aplastic anemia, or as the preparative regimen for bone marrow transplantation.

Patients who are anticipated to live more than 3 months.

Females of child-bearing potential (post-menarchal) must have a negative pregnancy test at entry.

Informed consent of the parent or legally authorized representative obtained prior to entry.

Assent will be obtained from minors capable of understanding.

No patients who are receiving and cannot discontinue the following drugs at least 24 hours prior to study start: terfenadine and cisapride (due to the possibility of QTc prolongation). Omegprazole (an inhibitor of CYP2C19) which is known to increase plasma voriconazole levels.

No patients who have received the following drugs within 14 days prior to study entry:

rifampicin, rifabutin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, nevirapine and barbiturates as these are potent inducers of hepatic enzymes and will result in undetectable levels of voriconazole.

No patients who have received astemizole within the previous 60 days.

No patients who are taking or are likely to receive any investigational drugs except: used for cancer treatment, antiretroviral agents, and drugs used for treatments of any AIDS defining opportunistic infections.

No patients with a history or hypersensitivity to or severe intolerance of azole antifungal agents.

No patients who have already been entered onto this protocol once.

No patient with medical history or evidence of cardiac arrhythmia.

No patients with AST and ALT greater than or equal to 5XULN.

No patients with moderate and severe renal impairment (i.e., calculated creatine clearance less than 30ml/min). If creatinine clearance is reduced to less than 30 ml/min at any time during the study, the patient must be discontinued from the study. Creatine clearance will be calculated using the following equation: 0.55 X height (cm)/serum creatinine (mg/dL).

Any other condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, would make the patient unsuitable for enrollment.